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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.
 
Subject Index
 
Page 10
 
 
Bayle, Pierre, French historian
645.
Bay of Bengal
845.
Bay of Biscay
418, 420.
Bay of Honduras
573.
Bay of Islands
1500.
Bay of Naples
182, 184, 252.
Bay of Pigs
3689, 3716, 3717, 3735.
Bayon, Angkor temple
340.
Bayonne
513, 515, 515, 521, 1910.
Bayonne Conference
726.
Bayrakdar Mustafa Pasha, governor of Bulgaria
811.
Bazaine, Achille, French marshal
1185.
Bazard, St.-Amand, French socialist
1035.
Bazargan, Mehdi, Iranian leader
3821, 3821, 3825, 3826.
Bazin, Marc L., Haitian leader
3751.
Beadle, George W., geneticist
1731.
Beagle, HMS
1043.
Beagle Channel
570.
Beas (Hyphasis) River
207.
Beatles, musicians
2702, 2704, 2774, 3409.
Beatrice, mother of Alfonso X
476.
Beatrice, widow of Boniface of Tuscany
454, 467.
Beatrice, wife of Frederick I Barbarossa
456.
Beatrice, wife of John I of Castile
528.
Beatrice Kimpa Vita, religious prophet
869, 869, 887, 1506.
Beatrice of Bourbon, wife of Robert of Clermont
599.
Beatrix, queen of the Netherlands
2832.
Beatty, David
1795, 1809.
Beauce
1004.
Beau de Rochas, Alphonse, inventor
981.
Beaumont, Francis, English playwright
594.
Beauvais
449.
Beauvoir, Simone de, writer
2649.
Bebel, August, German leader
1233, 1234.
Beccaria, Cesare, Italian philosopher and scientist
645, 735.
Becerra, Francisco, Spanish colonial architect
912.
Becerra Law, Philippines
1481.
Bech, Joseph, leader of Luxembourg
2835, 2835, 2835.
Becher, Johann Joachim, scientist
641.
Bechuanaland
1507, 1547, 4456, 4458. See Botswana.
Becket, Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury
444, 450.
Becquerel, Alexandre, physicist
1736.
Becquerel, Antoine H., physicist
1149.
Bedaux, Charles, efficiency expert
1734.
Bede, St., scholar
421, 422, 422.
Bedford, duke of, regent for Henry VI
515, 522, 522.
Bedornz, J. Georg, physicist
2704.
Bedreddin, sheikh, Ottoman rebel
312.
beduins
808, 1393, 2398, 2398.
Beecham, Thomas
1848.
Beecher, Henry Ward
1594.
Beel, Louis J. M., Dutch leader
2827, 2830.
“Beer Hall Putsch”
1978.
Beer-Wine Revenue Act
2203.
Begarha
334.
Begin, Menachem, Israeli leader
3426, 3777, 3856, 3861, 3861.
Beguines, communities of meditative women
595.
Béhaine, Pierre Pigneau de, French missionary
1473.
Béhanzin, king of Dahomey
1517.
Behistun inscription
124.
Behring, Emil A. von, scientist
1149, 1153.
Beijing
138, 139, 156, 367, 369, 372, 372, 374, 375, 375, 375, 376, 376, 376, 380, 576, 851, 851, 852, 852, 852, 852, 852, 853, 853, 855, 856, 955, 969, 971, 1415, 1415, 1416, 1417, 1417, 1417, 1420, 1424, 1430, 1610, 2462, 2463, 2464, 2464, 2465, 2465, 2469, 2470, 2470, 2470, 2476, 2476, 2476, 2479, 2480, 2486, 2507, 2515, 2637, 2685, 2691, 2725, 3098, 3283, 4056, 4058, 4078, 4081, 4085, 4128, 4144, 4144, 4146, 4148, 4151, 4152, 4153, 4156, 4156, 4156, 4157, 4157, 4158, 4159, 4161, 4161, 4162, 4165, 4166, 4166, 4167, 4167, 4168, 4171, 4175, 4177, 4178, 4183, 4184, 4185, 4195, 4201, 4239, 4268, 4269, 4278; treaty of, 955, 1259; convention of 1860, 1417; occupation of, 1417; siege of legations, 1424.
Beijing Airport
4158.
Beijing Man
138.
Beijing University
2463, 2464, 2478.
Beiping, Nationalist name for Beijing
See Beijing.
Beira
1548.
Beirut
107, 260, 437, 837, 1327, 1332, 1335, 1335, 1335, 1346, 2378, 2378, 2379, 2384, 2592, 2679, 3428, 3778, 3778, 3845, 3849, 3849, 3853.
Beit, Alfred, South African financier
1555.
Beiyang
2462.
Beke, Charles T., explorer
1508.
Bektashi, Sufi order
306.
Bela I, king of Hungary
492.
Bela II, king of Hungary
502.
Bela III, king of Hungary
492, 502.
Bela IV, king of Hungary
493, 493, 493, 493, 493.
Belalcázar, Sebastián de, Spanish explorer
897, 897, 898.
Belarus
559, 632, 633, 2067, 2069, 2076, 2080, 2114, 2754, 3301, 3304, 3304, 3315, 3318, 3319, 3332; Republic of Belarus, 3304; and Russia, 3317, 3317, 3318, 3318, 3319, 3367. See Belorussia.
Belasitsa
438, 441.
Belaúnde Terry, Fernando, Latin American leader
3553, 3553, 3556, 3556, 3557.
Bélédugu
1512.
Belém
915.
Belfast
701, 701, 702, 1168, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1861, 2780, 2780, 2781, 2781, 2781, 2785, 2808; Maze Prison, 2790.
Belfort
1738.
Belgi
421, 425.
Belgian Congo
961, 964, 1112, 1235, 1544, 1544, 1545, 2568, 2568, 2568, 2568, 2568, 2569, 2569, 2570, 2636, 4320, 4432, 4432, 4432, 4432, 4434, 4434, 4449, 4449, 4449. See Congo; Zaire.
Belgic provinces
402.
Belgium
450, 520, 595, 613, 895, 957, 1005, 1007, 1009, 1014, 1032, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1045, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1056, 1056, 1056, 1056, 1056, 1056, 1057, 1057, 1057, 1066, 1081, 1096, 1100, 1102, 1141, 1141, 1141, 1171, 1171, 1171, 1171, 1172, 1237, 1268, 1289, 1316, 1710, 1721, 1725, 1738, 1738, 1814, 1824, 1833, 1882, 1882, 1882, 1882, 1882, 1886, 1886, 1886, 1887, 1893, 1896, 1900, 1912, 1978, 2036, 2192, 2644, 2700, 2706, 2707, 2708, 2708, 2710, 2711, 2714, 2718, 2719, 2719, 2724, 2728, 2748, 2752, 2754, 2756, 2756, 2818, 2825, 2825, 2833, 2835, 2836, 2885, 2910, 2951, 3039, 3082, 3118, 3863, 3908; and Africa, 873, 1172, 1517, 1525, 1539, 1540, 1540, 1540, 1544, 1544, 2568, 2570, 4350, 4420, 4432, 4434, 4449, 4449, 4434, 4449, 4449, 4450; and WWI, 1141, 1141, 1173; WWI, 1738, 1738, 1738, 1738, 1755, 1769, 1769, 1771, 1780, 1780, 1784, 1789, 1789, 1789, 1882; between Wars, 1818, 1822; and Germany, 1882; WWI losses, 1882; and Netherlands, 1882; and Luxemboug, 1884; invasion of Ruhr, 1885; language regulations, 1887; Great Depression, 1887; and Nazi Germany, 1888; WWII, 1891, 1892, 1892, 1893, 2585, 2585, 2585, 2585, 2585, 2604, 2604, 2619, 2620; invasion by Germany, 1892; colonialism, 2554; WWII merchant tonnage, 2604; post-WWII, 2818; and Congo, 2821, 2821; Walloon (French), 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2823, 2823, 2823, 2824; Flemish, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2823, 2823, 2823, 2824; German-speaking, 2823; European currency, 2825; post-WWII colonialism, 4320. See Anglo-Belgian relations; Franco-Belgian relations.
Belgorod
2596, 2596, 2596.
Belgrade
313, 313, 494, 542, 561, 562, 563, 613, 635, 792, 804, 806, 807, 811, 1136, 1140, 1140, 1141, 1284, 1284, 1284, 1286, 1288, 1293, 1328, 1337, 1739, 1743, 1792, 1792, 1797, 2130, 2134, 2135, 2597, 2643, 2658, 2662, 2685, 2696, 2706, 2707, 3167, 3169, 3169, 3177, 3178, 3179, 3179, 3182, 4177; treaty of, 787, 807.
Belgrade, University of
1285.
Belgrade Six
3175.
Belgrand, Marie-François-Eugène, French engineer
1179.
Belisarius, Byzantine general
274, 403, 404, 406, 408, 427, 427, 427, 473.
Belize
1680, 2678, 3763. See British Honduras.
Belknap, William W., U.S. official
1595.
Bell, king of Douala
1539.
Bell X-1, airplane
1736.
Bell, Alexander Graham, inventor
990.
Bell, Charles
1042.
Bell, John, U.S. leader
1584.
Bell, William, district officer
2530.
Bell and Coleman, developers of refrigating device
986.
Bellarmine, Robert, Italian theologian and scholar
610.
Bellasis, John Baron, in Popish Plot
676.
Bellay, Joachim du, French poet
600.
Bellegarde
710.
Belle Isle
940.
Belle-Isle, Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet de, duke of Gisors
660.
Belle Jardinière, Paris
1061.
Belleville, Parisian district
1184.
Bellini, Gentile, artist
314, 539, 607.
Bellinzona
1229.
Bell-Lancaster school, Gabrovo
1298.
Bello, Andrés, writer
1657.
Bell Trade Relations Act, U.S.
4289.
Bellum Punicum
229.
Belorussia
482, 489, 557, 3301, 3303, 3304; radiation, 3294, 3297; Belarus, 3304; independence, 3304, 3315; sovereignty, 3315; Republic of Belarus, 3315. See Belarus.
Belshazzar, regent of Babylonia
88.
Belsky, Russian noble family
629.
Belur
337.
Belzú, Manuel, Latin American leader
1668, 1668.
Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine, Tunisian leader
3946, 3946, 3946.
Bena people
1529.
Benares
130, 333, 836, 836; Hindu University at, 2432.
Benavente y Martinéz, Jacinto, playwright
1921.
Benavides, Oscar, Peruvian leader
2258, 2262, 2262, 2262.
Ben Bella, Ahmad, Algerian leader
3925, 3929, 3930, 3930.
Bendahara, Malay family
837, 837, 837, 837.
Bendahara Tun Habib Abdul Majid, Malay official
837.
Bendigo
1490.
Bene, Eduard (or Edvard), Czech leader
2013, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2020, 2021, 3120, 3121, 3123.
Beneden, Edouard van, embryologist
1153.
Benedetti, Vincent
1102, 1234.
Benedetti Treaty
1102.
Benedict V, pope
465, 465.
Benedict VII
465.
Benedict XI, pope
453, 470, 470.
Benedict XIII, antipope
531, 531, 531, 737.
Benedict XIV, pope
737.
Benedict XV, pope
1223, 1771, 1941, 1945.
Benedictines, religious order
268, 406, 406, 408, 421, 486, 609, 1530.
Benedict of Aniane, religious adviser
411.
Benedict of Nursia, St., monastic leader
268, 406, 406, 466.
Benelux, Belgium
1893, 1900, 2707, 2719, 2719, 2818, 2821, 2835, 2985.
Benet Biscop, monastic founder
421, 422.
Benevento
408, 408, 408, 416, 459, 465, 466, 466, 467, 472.
Beneventum
227, 268.
Bengal
129, 130, 131, 133, 324, 324, 324, 324, 331, 331, 331, 332, 332, 333, 335, 335, 335, 336, 578, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 834, 835, 835, 835, 835, 835, 835, 836, 844, 1394, 1394, 1395, 1395, 1396, 1397, 1397, 1399, 1400, 2437, 2437, 3950, 3971, 3976, 3977, 3990, 4001. See West Bengal.
Bengalis
835, 3990, 4016, 4016, 4016.
Benghazi
1393, 1393, 1393, 2612, 2613, 3948.
Bengkulen
841, 1410, 1412.
Benguela
886, 1539.
Benguela railway
4450.
Ben Gurion, David, Israeli leader
1346, 3857, 3858.
Ben Hadad I, king of Damascus
104, 106, 109.
Ben Hadad II, king of Damascus
105, 106.
Beni dance associations
2572.
Aquino, Benigno, Philippine leader
4292, 4292, 4292.
Benin
345, 359, 359, 359, 869, 869, 873, 873, 875, 875, 875, 1517, 1517, 4329, 4329, 4329, 4329. See Dahomey.
Benishangul-Gumuz, Ethiopia
4397.
Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia
3436.
Benjedid, Chadli, Algerian leader
3932, 3932, 3933, 3936.
Ben Khedda, Ben Youssef, Algerian leader
3928.
Bennett, Floyd, aviation pioneer
997.
Bennett, Richard B., Canadian leader
2227, 2231, 2231, 2232, 2232.
Ben Salah, Ahmad, Tunisian leader
3943, 3943.
Bentes Montero, Euler, Brazilian leader
3618.
Bentham, Jeremy, political philosopher
645, 1035.
Bentinck, William
1395.
Benton, Thomas Hart, U.S. political leader
1575.
Benuë-Niger region
1508.
Benue River
352.
Ben Yehuda, Eliezer, Hebrew scholar
1346.
Benz, Karl, automobile designer
990.
Beran, Joseph, Czech archbishop
3124.
Beran, Rudolf, Czech leader
2020.
Berar
133, 333, 334, 831.
Berat
564, 1798, 2143.
Berbeo, Juan Francisco de, leader of revolt in Nueva Grananda
913.
Berbers
44, 110, 290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 299, 322, 322, 344, 344, 354, 404, 404, 419, 419, 475, 475, 823, 826, 871, 1375, 1376, 1378, 1380, 1381, 1385, 2417, 2418, 2418. See Awraba Berbers; Barghawata Berbers; Kabyle Berbers; Kutama Berbers; Wazzani Berbers; Zanata Berbers; Zwawa Berbers.
Berchtesgaden, Hitler's mountain retreat
1835, 1851, 2011.
Berchtold, Leopold von
1141, 1746, 1746.
Berczy, William, artist
1623.
Berecz, János, Hungarian leader
3155.
Bérégovoy, Pierre, French leader
2880.
Bere Haven
1877.
Berengar I of Friuli, king of Italy
409, 465.
Berengar II of Ivrea
416, 465, 465.
Berenguer, Damaso, Spanish dictator
1924, 1925.
Berenguer, Ramón IV, count of Catalonia
477, 477, 479.
Berenice II, wife of Antiochus II
213, 213, 218.
Berenson, Lori Helene, U.S. citizen
3562.
Berestczko, battle of
776.
Berezina River
1029.
Berg, F. W.
1254.
Bergamo
472, 537, 537, 537, 538.
Bergen, battle of
664.
Bergen, University of
548, 549, 772, 2584, 3057.
Bergenland
1708.
Berger, Victor, U.S. leader
1611.
Bergh, Christian Vilhelm, Norwegian engineer
1247.
Bergman, Ingmar, film director
2702, 3066.
Bergson, Henri, philosopher
1143, 1144.
Beria, Laurenty, Russian leader
3267, 3267.
Bering, Vitus, Danish explorer
993.
Bering land bridge
18, 28, 28, 28, 29.
Bering Sea
1635, 1635.
Bering Strait
28, 33, 993.
Berisha, Sali, Albanian leader
3205.
Berkeley
1619, 3410.
Berkeley, George, bishop and philosopher
645.
Berkeley, 1st baron, John, English colonizer
935.
Berkeley, William
937, 937.
Berkshire
692.
Berlin
661, 1024, 1072, 1096, 1096, 1097, 1102, 1104, 1104, 1105, 1105, 1106, 1108, 1136, 1140, 1141, 1142, 1268, 1344, 1418, 1610, 1741, 1741, 1746, 1762, 1781, 1781, 1814, 1838, 1916, 1971, 1971, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1973, 1975, 1984, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1994, 2020, 2020, 2021, 2185, 2232, 2587, 2587, 2590, 2621, 2621, 2621, 2621, 2691, 2709, 2714, 2719, 2722, 2723, 2982, 2982, 2982, 2985, 2985, 2985, 2987, 2987, 2995, 2995, 2996, 2996, 2996, 2996, 2996, 2997, 2997, 2998, 2998, 2998, 2999, 3000, 3000, 3002, 3005, 3005, 3006, 3006, 3008, 3010, 3012, 3013, 3013, 3013, 3015, 3015, 3016, 3016, 3016, 3018, 3019, 3023, 3026, 3275, 3404, 3406; congress of 1878, 962, 1108, 1109, 1110, 1110, 1325; conference on African affairs, 964, 1112, 1517; conference of 1879, 1110; treaty of, 1132, 1821; Congo conference, 1235; congress of, 1235, 1279; treaty of 1878, 1260, 1288, 1297, 1299, 1299, 1318, 1343, 1344, 1346, 1347, 1347; Olympics, 1706; battle of, 2621; blockade and airlift, 2637, 2648, 2985, 2987, 3393; Berlin Wall, 2637, 2637, 2658, 2685, 3016, 3020; crisis, 2722.
Berlin, University of
1026, 1147.
Berlin-Baghdad Railroad
956, 1124.
Berlin Congress
See Berlin.
Berlin Declaration
2718.
Berlin Decree
1024, 1024, 1571; and Continental System, 1020.
Berliner, Emile, pioneer in sound reproduction
990.
Berlinguer, Enrico, Italian leader
2941.
Berlin memorandum, of 1876
1106, 1106.
Berlin-Rome Axis
See Rome-Berlin Axis.
Berlusconi, Silvio, Italian leader
2948, 2948, 2950.
Bermuda
906, 924, 931, 2587, 2599, 2712, 2770, 3765, 3765.
Bermúdez, Francisco Morales, Peruvian leader
3555, 3555.
Bermúdez, Remigio Morales, Latin American leader
1670.
Bern
546, 546, 625, 625, 625, 625, 625, 626, 626, 748, 748, 749, 749, 749, 749, 750, 750, 750.
Bernadotte, Folke
2648, 3769.
Bernadotte, Jean-Baptiste, French general and later king of Sweden
765, 1026, 1030.
Bernard, Claude, physiologist
1151, 1151.
Bernardes, Artur da Silva, Brazilian leader
2270.
Bernard of Clairvaux, St.
449, 449, 450, 456, 468, 468, 505, 507.
Bernard of Lublin, Polish writer
633.
Bernardo of Siena, religious reformer
535.
Bernardos, N. V., inventor
986.
Berne
1094, 1228, 2973, 4256.
Berner, Hagbard, journalist
1248.
Berners-Lee, Tim, engineer
2686.
Bernhard von Saxe-Weimar, German general
620, 620, 620, 620, 622.
Bernini, Lorenzo, Italian artist
735.
Bernoulli, Johann, Swiss scientist
642, 642.
Bernstein, Eduard, German leader
1144, 1237.
Bernstein, Henri, playwright
1903.
Bernstorff, Andreas Peter, Danish leader
771, 771.
Bernstorff, Johan Hartvig Ernst, Danish leader
770.
Bernstorff, Johann von
1741, 1769.
Berov, Lyuben, Bulgarian leader
3242.
Berres, Luiz B., Uruguayan leader
3528, 3528.
Berrhoe
496, 503.
Berri
521, 523.
Berri, duke of, presumed Bourbon heir to French throne
1059.
Berro, Bernardo P., Latin American leader
1667.
Bertha, wife of Ethelbert
421.
Bertha, wife of Henry IV of Germany
454.
Berthelot, Henri, French commander
1776.
Berthelot, Marcelin, chemist
1152.
Berthollet, Claude, scientist
1041.
Bertolucci, Bernardo, film director
2702.
Bertrand, Francisco, Honduran leader
2288, 2288.
Bertrand de Gôt
See Clement V, pope.
Berwick
517, 591, 722.
Berwick, duke of, James Fitzgerald, French marshal
728.
Berytus
107.
Berzelius, Jöns, chemist
1042.
Berzins, Andris, Latvian leader
3351.
Bes
108.
Besançon
405, 411, 713, 1178.
Besant, Annie Wood, Theosophist leader
1398, 2432, 2432.
Bessarabia
439, 440, 787, 793, 811, 1024, 1100, 1106, 1108, 1108, 1256, 1259, 1260, 1318, 1343, 1823, 1830, 2176, 2180, 2185, 2635; and Russia, 1311; WWI, 1742.
Bessarion, Johannes, religious scholar
531, 569.
Besse, Georges, chief of Renault
2874.
Bessel, Friedrich, astronomer
1040.
Bessemer, Henry, inventor of steelmaking process
956, 983.
Bessemer process
956, 983.
Bessin
413.
Bessus, Persian satrap
206.
Betances, Ramón Emeterio, Puerto Rican leader
1694.
Betancourt, Rómulo, Venezuelan leader
3594, 3598, 3599, 3599, 3600, 3600.
Betancur, Belisario, Colombian leader
3580, 3580, 3581.
Bethe, Hans A., astrophysicist
1730.
Bethel, New York
3417.
Bethell, Ernest, English journalist in Korea
1436.
Bethlehem
458, 507, 1851.
Bethlehem Steel Corporation
2206.
Bethlen, István
2023, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2027, 2029.
Bethlen Gabor, prince of Transylvania
617, 618, 636.
Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, German leader
1136, 1140, 1141, 1237, 1770, 1971, 1971, 1971.
Beth-Shean
103.
Betislav I, the Restorer
484, 484, 486.
Betislav of Bohemia
486.
Bevan, Aneurin, British leader
1857, 2764.
Beveridge, William
1856.
Beveridge Report
1856.
Bevin, Ernest, British leader
1839, 2764, 2983.
Bevin-Sforza Plan
3947.
Beyazid II, Turkish sultan
532.
Bezabde
273.
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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