- Bonapartists, France
- 1083, 1189.
- Bond, Robert
- 1641, 1641.
- Bond, William Cranch, astronomer
- 1147.
- Bondelswarts Rebellion
- 2577.
- Bongo, Albert-Bernard (Omar), Gabon leader
- 4340, 4340, 4341, 4341, 4341, 4341, 4342.
- Bonhomme Richard, U.S. ship
- 950.
- Boniface, St., Winfrid
- 407.
- Boniface, count of Tuscany
- 454, 467, 534.
- Boniface VIII, pope
- 446, 446, 452, 452, 452, 452, 452, 453, 453, 469, 470, 470, 470, 470, 470, 470, 470, 470, 470.
- Boniface of Montferrat, Crusader and king of Salonika
- 505, 506, 508.
- Bonifacio, Andres, Philippine leader
- 1481, 1481, 1481.
- Bonifatius, Roman leader
- 266, 266, 404, 404.
- Bonilla, Manuel, Latin American leader
- 1686.
- Bonilla, Policarpo, Latin American leader
- 1686.
- Bonin Islands
- 4237, 4237.
- Bonn
- 2709, 2723, 2987, 2988, 2988, 2990, 2992, 3005, 3010, 3012, 3017, 3019, 3019.
- Bonnelly, Rafael, Dominican leader
- 3737.
- Bonner, Edward, bishop of London
- 588.
- Bonner, Elena, wife of Sakharov
- 3290.
- Bonnet, Georges, French foreign minister
- 1835, 1835.
- Bonneval, Claude Alexandre de
- 807.
- Bonnici, Carmelo Mifsud, Maltese leader
- 2968.
- Bonnivert, sieur de, Guillaume Gouffier, French general
- 614.
- Bono, Emilio De, Italian Fascist leader
- 1945.
- Bonomi, Ivanhoe, Italian leader
- 1944, 1945, 1961.
- Bonsu, Mansa
- 1516.
- Book of Common Prayer
- 587, 588, 594, 674, 695.
- Book of History, ancient Chinese text
- 854.
- Book of Kings, Persian
- 813.
- Book of Lord Shang
- 149.
- Book of the Dead
- 93.
- Boole, George, mathematician
- 1147.
- Boomplaats
- 1552.
- Boone, Daniel, American pioneer
- 941.
- Boot, H.A.H, radar researcher
- 1736.
- Booth, John, missionary
- 1548.
- Booth, John Wilkes, assassin of Lincoln
- 1590.
- Bophuthatswana
- 4483.
- Boqueirao de Pedra Furada
- 28.
- Bor, Tadeo, Polish commander
- 2126.
- Borandukht, daughter of Khusrau II and Persian ruler
- 275.
- Boratini, master of the Polish mint
- 777.
- Borchgrevink, Carsten, Norwegian explorer
- 996.
- Borda, Juan Idiarte, Latin American leader
- 1667.
- Bordaberry, Juan María, Uruguayan leader
- 3530, 3531, 3531.
- Bordeaux
- 412, 513, 513, 515, 515, 521, 521, 584, 599, 1005, 1006, 1029, 1031, 1178, 1188, 1738, 1901.
- Borden, Gail, producer of evaporated milk
- 987.
- Borden, Robert L.
- 1639, 2222.
- Borelli, Giovanni
- 640.
- Borge, Tomás, Nicaraguan leader
- 3675.
- Borges, Jorge Luis, writer
- 3465.
- Borgesius, Hendrik Goeyman, Dutch leader
- 1176.
- Borghese, Camillo
- See Paul V, pope.
- Borgia, Italian family
- 609.
- Borgia, Cesare, duke of Romagna
- 609, 609.
- Borgia, Rodrigo Lanzol y
- See Alexander VI, pope.
- Borgnis-Desbordes, French commander in Africa
- 1511.
- Boricua People's Army, EPB
- 3732.
- Boril, ruler of Bulgaria
- 496, 496.
- Boris, crown prince of Bulgaria
- 1121.
- Boris I, tsar of Bulgaria
- 440, 440, 440, 440, 440.
- Boris II, tsar of Bulgaria
- 441.
- Boris III, tsar of Bulgaria
- 1304, 1951, 2160, 2165, 2167, 2168, 2169, 2173.
- Boris of Bulgaria
- 435.
- Borja Cervallos, Rodrigo
- 3570.
- Borneo
- 27, 339, 841, 1412, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1481, 2763, 3958, 4119, 4125.
- Bornholm
- 761.
- Bornhöved, battle of
- 460.
- Borno
- 352, 354, 354, 871, 871, 871, 871, 1510, 1510.
- Borno, Luis, Haitian leader
- 2316, 2316.
- Borno Empire
- 871.
- Borobudur
- 339.
- Borodin, Mikhail Gruzenberg
- 2465, 2466, 2467, 2468.
- Borodino, battle of
- 1029.
- Boroughbridge, battle of
- 512.
- Borromeo, Carlo, archbishop of Milan
- 609, 626.
- Borromini, Francesco, Italian architect
- 735.
- Bort, Balthasar, Dutch naval commander
- 852.
- Borten, Per, Norwegian leader
- 3057, 3057.
- Boscán Almogáver, Juan, Spanish poet
- 604.
- Bosch, Hieronymus, Dutch artist
- 596.
- Bosch, Johannes van den, Dutch colonial administrator
- 1057.
- Bosch, Juan, Dominican leader
- 3689.
- Bosch, Milans de, Spanish leader
- 2899.
- Bosch Gavino, Juan, Dominican leader
- 3737, 3738, 3738, 3739, 3739, 3740, 3741, 3742, 3742, 3742, 3742.
- Bose, Subhas Chandra, Indian leader
- 2437, 2444, 2445.
- Boselli, Paolo, Italian leader
- 1941, 1941.
- Bosnia
- 310, 313, 314, 314, 494, 494, 495, 502, 562, 563, 563, 563, 563, 563, 563, 809, 809, 955, 962, 1105, 1105, 1106, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1108, 1110, 1114, 1132, 1132, 1140, 1243, 1244, 1266, 1280, 1287, 1288, 1288, 1293, 1296, 1306, 1329, 1340, 1341, 1341, 1343, 1344, 1347, 2127, 2692, 2752, 3039; and Ottoman Empire, 1335; WWI, 1743.
- Bosnia-Herzegovina
- 2688, 3176, 3177, 3178, 3178, 3178, 3180, 3183, 3183, 3184, 3184, 3184, 3184, 3185, 3185, 3185, 3185, 3186, 3186, 3187, 3189, 3191; Serbs, 3178, 3185; Croats, 3178; independence, 3183, 3183, 3183, 3183; division, 3184, 3185, 3185, 3185, 3185, 3186, 3187, 3188; Muslim-Croat Federation, 3185, 3189, 3189; peace treaty, 3186; Serb Republic, 3189, 3189.
- Boso of Provence, king of Burgundy
- 411, 415.
- Bosphoros Bridge
- 3796.
- Bosporus
- 262, 432, 501, 508, 510, 970, 1045, 1334, 2322, 2333, 3797. See Straits (Bosporus and Dardanelles).
- Bosque, Pío Romero, El Salvadorian leader
- 2280.
- Boston
- 615, 926, 928, 933, 934, 934, 934, 934, 941, 941, 942, 942, 946, 946, 946, 947, 948, 961, 1575, 1575, 1594; siege of, 947.
- Boston Massacre
- 943.
- Boston Port Act, England
- 944.
- Boston steelyard, England
- 548, 548.
- Boston Tea Party
- 943.
- Bostra
- 429.
- Boström, Erik Gustaf, Swedish leader
- 1248.
- Bosworth Field, battle of
- 516.
- botany
- 641, 1152, 1153, 1153.
- Botany Bay
- 689, 866, 1487.
- Botev, Christo, Bulgarian leader
- 1299.
- Botha, Louis, South African leader
- 1558, 1558, 1560, 1768, 2574, 2576.
- Botha, P. W., South African leader
- 2694, 4470, 4487.
- Bothwell, earl of, James Hepburn
- 588.
- Botswana
- 365, 365, 890, 1546, 2697, 4325, 4326, 4344, 4438, 4453, 4456, 4457, 4458, 4458, 4458, 4458, 4458, 4474; independence, 4458.
- Botswana Democratic Party, BDP
- 4458.
- Botswana National Front, BNF
- 4458.
- Botticelli, Sandro, artist
- 532, 536.
- Bouabid, Maati, Moroccan leader
- 3922.
- Bouazza, Tayyib, labor leader
- 3919.
- Bouchain
- 653, 659.
- Bouchard, Lucien, Quebec leader
- 3462, 3463.
- Boucicaut, Jean, French marshal
- 568.
- Bou Denib, battle of
- 1378.
- Boudiaf, Muhammad, Algerian leader
- 3925, 3936, 3936.
- Boudicca, queen of the Iceni
- 249.
- Bougainville, Louis Antoine de, French explorer
- 865.
- Bougainville Island
- 1477, 2629, 4285.
- Bougainville Republican Army
- 4285.
- Bougie
- 601, 826.
- Boulanger, Georges, French leader
- 1194, 1194, 1194.
- Boulangists, France
- 1194.
- Boulogne
- 450, 1023, 2585; conferences, 1708, 1818.
- Boumedienne, Houari, Algerian leader
- 3930, 3932.
- Boun Oum, prince, Laotian leader
- 4095, 4095, 4096, 4096.
- Bounty, HMS
- 866.
- Bouquel, French writer
- 716.
- Bouquier Law, France
- 1006.
- Bourassa, Robert, Quebec leader
- 3457.
- Bourbaki, Nicolas, mathematician
- 1730.
- Bourbon, cardinal of
- See Charles X, king of France.
- Bourbon, constable de, Spanish commander
- 602, 607, 614.
- Bourbon, duke of
- 723.
- Bourbon, royal house
- 523, 598, 599, 622, 659, 659, 659, 719, 720, 724, 735, 736, 737, 737, 740, 909, 909, 911, 912, 913, 1024, 1033, 1059, 1081, 1189, 1189, 2887; Spanish branch, 659; reforms, 1643, 1643.
- Bourbon Restoration
- 1033.
- Bourgeois, Léon, French leader
- 1784.
- bourgeoisie
- 1034; in Belgium, 1053; in France, 1061; in Central Europe, 1071; in Germany, 1071.
- Bourges
- 449, 466, 522.
- Bourgès-Maunoury, Maurice, French leader
- 2849.
- Bourguiba, Habib, Tunisian leader
- 2426, 2426, 3940, 3941, 3943, 3946.
- Bourke, Richard
- 1489.
- Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, Algerian leader
- 3939, 3939.
- Bouterse, Deysey, Surinamese leader
- 3631, 3632, 3634.
- Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, UN leader
- 2688, 2691, 2693, 3915, 4400.
- Bouvet, Pierre, French explorer
- 993.
- Bouvet Island
- 2044, 2045.
- Bouvines, battle of
- 445, 450, 457.
- Bovaradet, Siamese Prince
- 2451.
- Boves, José Tomás, Latin American leader
- 1650, 1650.
- Bowdoin, James, governor of Massachusetts
- 952.
- Bowell, Mackenzie
- 1636, 1637.
- Boxer Protocol
- 1424.
- Boxers United in Righteousness, Chinese conservatives
- 1424.
- Boxer Uprising, China
- 955, 971, 1262, 1424, 1424, 1424, 1435, 1460, 1610, 2462, 2466, 2466, 2478.
- Boyacá River, battle of
- 1650.
- boyars, Russian noble families
- 489, 629, 629, 629, 630, 630, 630, 785.
- Boyd, Augusto S., Panamanian leader
- 2277.
- Boyd, Lord, governor of Scotland
- 518.
- Boyer, Jean Pierre, Haitian leader
- 1695, 1696, 1696, 1696.
- Boyle, Robert, British scientist
- 639, 640, 640, 641.
- Boyle's law
- 640.
- Boyne, battle of the
- 697.
- Boyoya, Pierre, Burundian leader
- 4413, 4413.
- Brabant
- 524, 595, 617.
- Bracko
- 3189.
- Braddock, Edward, British commander
- 940.
- Bradford, William, governor of Plymouth Colony
- 926.
- Bradlaugh, Charles, English reformer
- 1162.
- Bradman, Don, cricket player
- 2546.
- Bradshaw, John, English jurist
- 594.
- Brady, Matthew, Tasmanian leader
- 1488.
- Brady Bill, U.S.
- 3430.
- Brady Bonds
- 3573.
- Braga, Theophilo, Portuguese leader
- 1208.
- Braganza, Constantine de, Portuguese commander
- 831.
- Brahe, Per, governor-general of Finland
- 766.
- Brahe, Tycho, Danish astronomer
- 638, 638, 639.
- Brahmagupta, Indian scientist
- 131.
- Brahmanism
- 66, 68, 68, 73, 129, 129, 129, 129, 129, 129, 131, 132, 133, 133, 135, 327, 329, 330, 334, 335, 335, 337, 847, 2432.
- Brahmans
- 1394.
- Brahmo Samaj, Hindu reform movement
- 1394, 1396, 1397.
- Braila
- 1299, 1808.
- Braille system
- 637.
- Braintree, Massachusetts
- 2197.
- Bramante, architect
- 537.
- Branas, Alexius, Byzantine general
- 503.
- Brandenberger, J. E., developer of cellophane
- 984.
- Brandenburg
- 416, 456, 459, 460, 541, 541, 541, 544, 544, 548, 550, 555, 616, 620, 622, 624, 652, 713, 754, 754, 754, 754, 780, 875, 1097, 1984; castle, 460.
- Brandenburg Estates
- 754.
- Brandt, Willy, German leader
- 2668, 2731, 2731, 2731, 2982, 3000, 3002, 3005, 3005, 3006, 3006, 3006, 3006, 3008, 3019.
- Brandywine, battle of
- 948.
- Branibor
- 416.
- Branicova
- 502.
- Brankovi
 , George, ruler of Serbia
- 563, 563.
- Brankovi, Vuk
- 563.
- Branly, Édouard, inventor
- 990.
- Brant, Joseph, American Indian leader
- 1623.
- Brant, Sebastian, German satirist
- 616.
- Branting, Hjalmar, Swedish leader
- 2048.
- Braque, Georges, artist
- 1146.
- Braschi, Gianangelo
- See Pius VI, pope.
- Brasidas, Spartan general
- 196, 196, 196.
- Brasília
- 3479, 3611, 3627, 3628, 3629.
- Bratianu, Dmitri, Romanian leader
- 1311.
- Bratianu, Ion, Romanian leader
- 1311, 1312, 1742, 1742, 1742, 1742, 1777, 2174, 2178.
- Bratislava
- 634, 3129, 3137.
- Brattelli, Trygve M.
- 3057, 3057, 3058, 3059.
- Brauchitsch, Heinrich von, Nazi commander
- 1991.
- Braun, Ferdinand, inventor
- 1736.
- Braun, Otto, German leader
- 1980.
- Braunau, abbot of
- 617.
- Brazauskas, Algirdas, Lithuanian leader
- 3355, 3356, 3356, 3357.
- Brazil
- 28, 281, 570, 573, 573, 573, 573, 574, 575, 575, 579, 605, 605, 605, 703, 727, 727, 732, 886, 894, 906, 906, 914, 914, 914, 915, 915, 915, 916, 916, 916, 917, 917, 918, 918, 918, 918, 918, 918, 918, 953, 961, 1026, 1064, 1064, 1064, 1064, 1335, 1506, 1539, 1647, 1647, 1656, 1656, 1657, 1657, 1658, 1658, 1658, 1660, 1660, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1665, 1666, 1667, 1667, 1667, 1669, 1677, 1738, 1825, 2238, 2241, 2270, 2270, 2271, 2602, 2640, 2641, 2642, 2665, 2963, 3465, 3467, 3475, 3475, 3475, 3477, 3478, 3479, 3487, 3520, 3523, 3527, 3549, 3551, 3552, 3607, 3611, 3612, 3613, 3616, 3617, 3618, 3619, 3625, 3626, 3626, 3627, 3628, 3628, 3628, 3629, 3739; and Africa, 886, 887, 888; empire of, 1647; independence of, 1656; first republic, 1677; WWI, 1677, 1770, 2270, 2270, 2270; textile industry, 2270; between Wars, 2270, 2270, 2271, 2272, 2273, 2273; Great Depression, 2271; Revolution of 1930, 2271; coffee industry, 2272; Estado Nôvo, 2273; WWII, 2273, 2273, 2273; post-WWII, 2273; and U.S., 3607, 3612, 3613, 3616; and Russia, 3609; student unrest, 3615, 3618; economic miracle, 3616; Plan Cruzado, 3621; Plan Cruzado II, 3621; and Asia, 3628.
- Brazilian Democratic Movement, MDB
- 3617.
- Braz Pereira Gomes, Wenceslau, Brazilian leader
- 2270.
- Brazza, Pierre Savorgnan de, colonial administrator
- 1509, 1509, 1540.
- Brazzaville
- 1540, 2554, 2569, 4320, 4434, 4447, 4447, 4447, 4447, 4448, 4452; Accords, 4321, 4321.
- Brazzaville Conference
- 2560.
- Brda region
- 1296.
- Breakspear, Nicholas
- See Adrian IV, pope.
- Brecht, Bertolt, playwright
- 1974.
- Breckinridge, John C., U.S. leader
- 1584.
- Breda, treaties of
- 648, 675, 711.
- Breguet, Louis, inventor
- 1736.
- Breisach
- 622, 624, 656, 713.
- Breisgau, France
- 540, 546, 653.
- Breit, G., radar researcher
- 1736.
- Breitenfeld, battle of
- See Leipzig.
- Bremen
- 410, 456, 460, 548, 685, 1781; archbishopric of, 624.
- Bremer, Fredrika, writer
- 1076.
- Brenner Pass
- 537, 1956, 2011, 2590.
- Brennus, Gallic chieftain
- 226.
- Brent, Margaret, Maryland colonist
- 937.
- Brentano, Heinrich von, German leader
- 2992, 2998.
- Brentford
- 592.
- Brescia
- 537, 537, 538, 597, 607.
- Breslau
- 486, 548, 777.
- Breslau and Berlin, Treaties of
- 660, 661, 666, 755.
- Brest
- 513, 521.
- Brest-Litovsk
- 1794, 2582, 2593; treaty of, 1752, 1774, 1774, 1782, 2066, 2085, 2096, 2102; peace conference, 1772, 1774, 1774.
- Brethren of the Common Life
- 595.
- Bretigny, peace of
- 513, 521.
- Br
 tislav I, prince of Bohemia
- 454.
- Breton, André, artist
- 1905.
- Bretton Woods Conference
- 1700, 2633, 2640.
- Bretton Woods System
- 2640, 2640, 2640, 2640, 2667, 2668, 2676, 3390.
- Breughel, Pieter, Dutch artist
- 596.
- Brezhnev, Leonid I., Russian leader
- 2669, 2676, 3239, 3250, 3254, 3274, 3278, 3286, 3288, 3289, 3291.
- Briand, Aristide, French leader
- 1197, 1198, 1714, 1717, 1755, 1771, 1824, 1828, 1901, 1901, 1909.
- Brian of Munster, Irish leader
- 425.
- Bridge of Dessau, battle of
- 618.
- bridges
- 983, 983.
- Briga, Italy
- 2926.
- Brigantes
- 253.
- Brihaspati
- 131.
- Brihuega
- 659, 1930.
- Brill
- 548.
- Brisbane, Australia
- 1488, 1488, 1493, 1639, 2544.
- Brisbane, Thomas
- 1488, 1488.
- Brissac, count of, Charles de Cossé, French marshal
- 599.
- Brissot, Jacques, French leader
- 1003.
- Bristol
- 548, 924, 1159.
- Bristol Fighter, British plane
- 1767.
- Britain
- 37, 46, 46, 108, 110, 240, 248, 248, 248, 248, 249, 251, 253, 253, 255, 255, 261, 261, 261, 262, 265, 403, 408, 410, 421, 421, 421, 421, 421, 421, 422, 425, 488, 660, 723, 1728; island, 18, 18; WWII, 1838.
- Britannia
- 245.
- Britannicus, son of Claudius
- 248, 248.
- British-Afghan Wars
- 1354, 1355.
- British and Foreign School Society, Dissenters
- 1048.
- British Anti-Slavery Squadron
- 1513.
- British Association for the Advancement of Science
- 1039.
- British Board of Film Censors
- 1840.
- British Borneo
- 4106, 4130.
- British Broadcasting Corporation, BBC
- 1841, 1850.
- British Caribbean Territories
- 3756.
- British Central Africa
- 1548.
- British Central Africa Protectorate
- 1547.
- British Coal Company
- 2797.
- British Columbia
- 28, 1630, 1630, 1640, 2234, 3450.
- British Commonwealth of Nations
- 1699, 1713, 1817, 1818, 1839, 1841, 1844, 1847, 1863, 2217, 2530, 2538, 2633, 2683, 2723, 2761, 2763, 2764, 2781, 2968, 3757, 3757, 3759, 3759, 3760, 3761, 3953, 3956, 3958, 3991, 4026, 4049, 4104, 4116, 4284, 4285, 4343, 4344, 4371, 4477; cost of WWII, 2700.
- British Cotton Growing Association
- 2558.
- British East Africa
- 1533, 2565.
- British East Africa Company
- 1531, 1532, 1536.
- British East India Company
- 841, 842; in the Philippines, 868.
- British East Indies
- 1565.
- British Electrical Authority
- 2761.
- British Empire
- 959, 960, 1622.
- British Grand Fleet
- 1741, 1795, 1795, 1809.
- British Guiana
- 2587, 2599, 3756, 3756, 3756, 3758, 3759. See Guyana.
- British Honduras
- 2678, 3758, 3763. See Belize.
- British Indian Association
- 1396.
- British Isles
- 279, 412, 421, 426, 426, 1839, 2619.
- British Kaffraria
- 1552.
- British Malaya
- See Malaya.
- British Ministry of Labour Committee
- 1852.
- British Museum, London
- 2589.
- British Nationality Act
- 2761.
- British Navigation Acts
- 1629.
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