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| 5. Bulgaria |
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| By the end of the 19th century, Bulgaria's population had reached 4.3 million, which served to increase rural discontent. In 1911, 80 percent of Bulgarians were still employed in agriculture, where increasing problems with debt created a growing split between town and country. As a nation, Bulgaria also suffered from debt as it sought to create the trappings of a stable state. Foreign loans curtailed Bulgaria's power as France and other nations forced Bulgaria to assign important sections of its economy, like the growing tobacco industry, to debt service. | 1 |
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| 1762 |
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| The monk Paiisi Hilendarski wrote his History of the Bulgarian People, marking the beginning of the Bulgarian national renaissance. | 2 |
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| 1835 |
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| Vasil Aprilov founded a Bell-Lancaster school in Gabrovo, the first school to teach in Bulgarian, launching an educational movement that included the foundation of the first school for girls in 1840. | 3 |
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| May |
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| Velchova rising in Turnovo. | 4 |
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