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| 1668 |
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| Olive trees were replanted in areas devastated by the war, helping restore the economy. | 1 |
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| 1669–92 |
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| Economic crisis hit Portugal. | 2 |
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| 1675 |
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| “Discourse on the Introduction of the Arts in the Realm,” by Duarter Ribeiro de Macedo. This work became the leading economic doctrine. Ribeiro de Macedo was an ambassador to France, heavily influenced by Colbert. His work stressed industry and the search for new sources of revenue. The government followed such policies. It established a number of industries (glass factories in Lisbon, textiles in Estremoz, etc.) and enacted a series of laws (1677–98) prohibiting the use of foreign goods such as hats, cloths, and ribbons. However, owing to the poor quality of Portuguese products, the laws were unenforceable and the policy failed. | 3 |
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| 1683–1706 |
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| PETER II ruled as king after the death of Afonso. | 4 |
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| 1685–86 |
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| Introduction of new methods of minting coins which prevented clipping of coins and, along with debasement, temporarily stabilized Portugal's currency. | 5 |
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| 1697–98 |
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| The Cortes met for the last time. | 6 |
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| 1703, Dec. 27 |
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| Methuen-Alegrete agreement. British wool and woolens admitted into Portugal duty-free and Portuguese wine admitted into England at a greatly reduced rate. The agreement led to great gains in the Portuguese trade for the British, at French and Spanish expense (See Dec. 27). | 7 |
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| 1704 |
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| Invasions of Portugal by a French-Spanish force, as a result of Portuguese participation in the War of the Spanish Succession. The British and the Portuguese succeeded in driving out the enemy. | 8 |
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| 1706 |
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| Anglo-Portuguese invasion of Spain and brief occupation of Madrid (June). | 9 |
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| 1706–50 |
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| John V, the son of Peter II, during whose reign the court was patterned after Versailles (construction of the Mafra palace). | 10 |
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| 1707, April 25 |
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| Battle of Almanza. Defeat of the Anglo-Portuguese army by the French forces under Marshal Berwick. | 11 |
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| 1712–28 |
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| Rafael Bluteau completed the first comprehensive Portuguese dictionary. This achievement underscored the development of a Portuguese culture distinct from Spanish influence following independence. | 12 |
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