IV. The Early Modern Period, 1500–1800 > B. Early Modern Europe, 1479–1815 > 5. National Patterns, 1648–1815 > h. Scandinavia > 2. Denmark, Norway, and Iceland > Denmark > 1784, April
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1784, April
 
Christian's son, Frederik, convinced his father to grant him legal control of the state.  1
 
1784
 
Count Andreas Peter Bernstorff came to power. He began by regulating relations between the landlords and their peasant tenants. The council also made significant reforms in tariffs and introduced a system of poor relief and other social reforms between 1784 and 1797 (Bernstorff's death).  2
 
1786
 
Bernstorff and the council created the Great Land Commission. Tenants received the right to gain compensation for improvements and landlords forbidden to use degrading punishments against their tenants. The stavnsbånd abolished (completed in stages between 1788 and 1800), leaving the peasants free but still obligated to labor services. The stavnsbånd had tied peasants to their parish, unless permitted by their landlord to leave.  3
 
1789
 
Universal free education proposed.  4
 
1792
 
A measure assured the end of Dutch slave trade by 1803.  5
 
1798
 
Jews granted the right to marry Christians and enter secondary school.  6
 
1800
 
A League of Armed Neutrality signed with Russia, Prussia, and Sweden in response to British naval activity.  7
 
1807, Aug. 16
 
Denmark declared war against the British, who landed north of Copenhagen and attacked, burning large portions of the city and forcing Frederik to surrender. Frederik's decision to join France proved disastrous. The Danish economy suffered from the continental system (See Nov. 21) and British blockades. Taxes increased, as did inflation.  8
 
1814
 
The School Law established compulsory education for children between 7 and 14, the age of confirmation.  9
 
1813
 
Danish banks replaced by a single state bank capable of issuing notes.  10
 
1814, Jan
 
Treaty of Kiel. Denmark gave Sweden Norway in exchange for Swedish Pomerania but retained Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroes.  11
 
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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