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| 2. The Malayan Archipelago, 1798–1908 |
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(See 1786) (See Early 1600s) (See By 1600s)| |
| 1798 |
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| End of the Dutch East India Company. | 1 |
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| 1808 |
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| The Dutch subdued Bantam in western Java. Mission of Marshal Herman Daendels, who reorganized the Dutch possessions and began the systematic curtailment of the powers of the princes and feudal lords. | 2 |
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| 1811 |
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| A British expedition captured Batavia and took over Java. Under the administration of Stamford Raffles (1811–16) much of the old system was swept away in an extension of European control that retained native administration. Land leases were given to native peoples. | 3 |
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| 1814, 1816 |
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| Sumatra and then Java were restored to the Dutch, in accordance with the peace treaties. | 4 |
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| 1824, March 17 |
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| The British ceded Bengkulen (Sumatra) to the Dutch in return for Malacca: end of British hold in the island. | 5 |
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| 1825–30 |
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| REVOLT OF THE JAVANESE against the Dutch, led by Dipo Negora. The rising was suppressed only with great difficulty. The ultimate effect was to oblige the Dutch to conquer the interior and to extend their control. Later revolts (1849, 1888) had the same effect. | 6 |
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| 1830 |
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| Introduction of the forced culture system by the Dutch. This involved government contracts with the native people, crop control, and fixed prices—a system very lucrative to the Dutch. | 7 |
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| 1839 |
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| Native chiefs of Bali acknowledged Dutch control, but disorders continued until 1849. | 8 |
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| 1841 |
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| The sultan of Brunei, in northern Borneo, ceded to Sir James Brooke the region of Sarawak, in return for aid against enemies. Brooke became rajah of the region and ruled until 1868, when he was succeeded by his nephew Charles (1868–1917) and the latter's son, Vyner (1917–46). He induced the British government to take an active part in the work of suppressing piracy in the China Sea. | 9 |
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| 1847 |
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| The British secured from the sultan of Brunei the island of Labuan, off the northwest coast of Borneo, which, it was expected, would become an important naval base. | 10 |
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| 1859, April 20 |
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| The Dutch and Portuguese by agreement divided Timor and the neighboring islands between them. | 11 |
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