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| 1899–1902 |
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| Philippine insurrection. Although the Filipinos under Emilio Aguinaldo (See 1896, Aug. 24) had aided the Americans against the Spaniards and had conquered the island of Luzon, they were deeply disappointed when the Philippines was not given its independence as a part of the peace treaty between the United States and Spain. Hostilities broke out in Feb. 1899. For the next three years an American army of 60,000 was engaged in the islands. Guerrilla warfare, with all its attendant horrors, developed. Although Aguinaldo was captured (March 1901), it was not until April 1902 that the insurrection was finally brought to an end. | 1 |
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| 1899, Sept. 6 |
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| John Hay (1838–1905), secretary of state, sent his Open Door note to London, Paris, Berlin, and St. Petersburg (See Sept. 6), which urged foreign governments to permit free trade in Chinese ports under their influence. | 2 |
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| 1900–14 |
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| Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe began arriving in increasing numbers. During the 1890s less than half a million arrived each year. However, more than a million immigrants arrived in six of the years between 1906 and 1914. Mexican immigration increased, tripling the country's Mexican population. By 1900, the number of foreign language papers increased to over 1,000 before declining in proportion to the English language organs. | 3 |
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| 1900, March 14 |
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| The Currency Act declared other forms of money redeemable in gold on demand and provided for a gold reserve of $150 million. | 4 |
| Boxer uprising in China (See 1900). In June the United States participated in the relief expedition against Beijing. Hay made this the occasion for reaffirming the Open Door policy. | 5 |
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| Nov. 6 |
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| Bryan, running on a platform of free silver and anti-imperialism, was defeated by McKinley, who received 292 electoral votes to 155 for Bryan. | 6 |
| The American League of Baseball Clubs was formed in order to break the monopoly of the National League over the game. Baseball now initiated the two-league championship and soon added the World Series. | 7 |
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