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| 411 |
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| Constantine was besieged by Honorius's commander Constantius and taken near Arles. | 1 |
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| 423–425 |
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| Johannes usurped the purple on the death of Honorius at Ravenna (which he had made the capital in place of Milan). | 2 |
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| 425 |
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| Forces sent from the east by Theodosius II captured Johannes and put him to death. | 3 |
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| 425–455 |
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| VALENTINIAN III (b. 419) became child-emperor of the west. He was the son of Honorius's half sister Galla Placidia, who exercised power, and the general Constantius, who had been made Augustus in 421 but had died almost at once. Valentinian was recognized by Theodosius II and married his daughter Eudoxia (437). | 4 |
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| 429 |
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| The general Bonifatius tried to set himself up as independent in Africa, with the aid of the Vandals. But the Vandals seized Africa for themselves after a two-year siege of Hippo Regius (430–431) during which the bishop St. Augustine died (430, Aug. 28). | 5 |
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| 430 |
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| Aëtius, master of the troops, disposed of his rivals, Felix and Bonifatius (recalled from Africa in 432). He then devoted himself to clearing Gaul of barbarians, which he did by a resounding victory over the Visigoths (436) and by suppressing an uprising of the peasants and slaves (Bagaudae, 437). | 6 |
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| 435 |
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| The Vandal kingdom in Africa was recognized. The Vandals took Carthage in 439. | 7 |
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| 438 |
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| Publication of the Theodosian Code. | 8 |
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| 450–457 |
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| MARCIAN, an able general, became emperor when Theodosius II died and Marcian married Theodosius's sister, Pulcheria. He allowed the Ostrogoths to settle as military allies (federates) in Pannonia. | 9 |
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| 450 |
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| Attila, leader of the Huns, after ravaging the Eastern Empire (441–3 and 447) led his people into Gaul. Galla Placidia, the empress, died. | 10 |
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| 451, June |
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| Aëtius defeated the Huns in the Battle of Châlons (actually the campi Catalauni near Troyes). | 11 |
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| 452 |
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| Attila invaded Italy but turned back (See 451). Attila died in 453 and his hordes broke up. | 12 |
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