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| c. Latvia |
| 1917, Oct. 29 |
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| Formation of the Latvian national council, following the Soviet seizure of power in Russia. Since German forces remained in the country, the national council was unable to assert its authority or build up an effective national army. For more than a year German efforts to organize a Baltic duchy continued. | 1 |
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| 1918, March 3 |
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| According to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (See March 3) the Bolsheviks were obliged to accept loss of the Baltic states. | 2 |
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| Nov. 17 |
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| A people's council was set up by the Latvians after the defeat of Germany, with Karlis Ulmanis as prime minister. | 3 |
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| Nov. 18 |
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| The council proclaimed the independence of the Republic of Latvia. | 4 |
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