VII. The Contemporary Period, 1945–2000 > F. South and Southeast Asia, 1945–2000 > 1. South Asia, 1945–2000 > c. The Republic of India > 1965–66
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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.
 
 
1965–66
 
Great drought underscored the weakness of Indian agricultural development and its reliance on productivity of marginal lands. The drought exercised a staggering impact on food prices, the ability of the state to plan and follow through on its five-year budget plans, and voter behavior. (Planning processes were resumed only after the Green Revolution had succeeded ( (See Science and Technology)).)  1
 
1965, Jan. 26
 
Hindi became India's official language, despite violent opposition in southern India. On Feb. 24 it was decided that English should be an associate language in dealings between the central government and non-Hindi-speaking states.  2
 
May 8
 
Arrest and confinement of Sheik Abdullah for agitation in behalf of self-determination for Kashmir.  3
 
May 12–19
 
Visit of Prime Minister Shastri to Moscow in the interest of further Soviet economic aid.  4
 
Aug.–Dec
 
India suffered an acute food shortage, which was relieved only by huge shipments from the U.S. and Australia.  5
 
Aug. 5
 
NEW KASHMIR CRISIS. Indian forces, charging infiltration of Kashmir by Pakistani irregulars, crossed the cease-fire line (Aug. 16) and launched an offensive in the direction of Lahore. An undeclared war ensued. Britain banned arms supplies to India (Sept. 8), and the U.S. terminated military aid to both sides. On Sept. 20 the UN Security Council called for a cease-fire, which both sides accepted (Sept. 22). Nonetheless, truce violations occurred frequently in the following months.  6
 
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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