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| 1952, July 26 |
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| The president's wife, Eva Perón, died of cancer. Her death was nationally mourned and deprived Perón of one of his most important political assets. | 1 |
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| 1952–55 |
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| In a deteriorating economic climate, Perón was forced to scale back his support for worker demands and to begin suppressing labor agitation. He increased repression considerably and at the same time sought to increase his appeal by calling for justicialismo, social justice for all. Peronist attacks against the Catholic Church further divided the country, offering military rivals a pretext to force him out of office. | 2 |
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| 1955, May 17 |
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| Supporters of Perón introduced a bill in the Senate to deprive the Roman Catholic Church of its tax exemption. On May 13, the House of Deputies had prohibited religious instruction in the schools. | 3 |
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| May 26 |
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| On Independence Day, demonstrations by Roman Catholics resulted in a wave of arrests. | 4 |
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| June 16 |
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| Climaxing several days of clashes between demonstrators and the police, the pope excommunicated Pres. Perón; naval officers seized outlying towns, and planes bombed government buildings in the capital. | 5 |
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| July |
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| Perón called for a truce (July 5), but the strongest opposition party, the Radicals, rejected his plea. On July 18 Perón promised to give up all dictatorial powers. | 6 |
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| Sept. 19 |
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| A four-man military junta ousted Perón. Gen. Eduardo Lonardi became provisional president. | 7 |
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| Oct. 5 |
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| The position of the provisional president was strengthened by the dismissal of the Supreme Court and by an anti-Perón revolt of a dissident minority within the General Confederation of Labor. | 8 |
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| Nov. 13 |
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| Following a bloodless military coup, which ousted the Lonardi regime, Gen. Pedro Aramburu was installed as president. Aramburu decided to purge the nation of Peronism, outlawing the Peronist Party, firing Peronists from their posts, and suppressing all Peronist propaganda. Still, Peronism remained extremely popular among workers. | 9 |
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