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| 1684–95 |
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| Rozvi state broke away from Karanga section of Mutapa Empire. Ruler Changamire Dombo I created Rozvi Empire, which controlled considerable part of modern Zimbabwe, from a core area in modern Matabeleland. | 1 |
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| 1693–95 |
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| Portuguese were expelled from Shona area by Rozvi emperor Dombo Changamire and withdrew from feiras, though some were reestablished in the next century. | 2 |
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| 1700–1800 |
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| Portuguese colonialists set up prazo estates, granted by the crown, along the Zambezi River, in effect establishing African-style chiefdoms. In the century, prazos dominated the lower Zambezi. Prazos exploited local agricultural labor and used Chikunda slave armies. Prazeros developed gold and ivory trade with trading states north of the Zambezi. There was rapid gold production around 1740–80, but Portuguese lost control over ivory trade to Yao. There was a decline in trade between the Rozvi Empire and Portugal despite their continued alliance, owing to a gold rush north of the Zambezi by individual adventurers, a decline in overall gold production, and a turn to ivory hunting by both Portuguese and Africans. | 3 |
| Rozvi Empire operated through distribution of land to newly appointed chiefs and collection of tribute. Mwari oracle cult developed and was manipulated by rulers for political ends. MAIZE was introduced in Zimbabwe region and became a staple of Shona-speakers, along with millet and sorghum. | 4 |
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| 1750 |
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| Maravi state system began to decline as a result of succession disputes by several paramount chiefdoms within it. | 5 |
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| 1750–1850 |
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| Yao came to fore as dominant traders of ivory from Zambezi interior to coast. | 6 |
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| 1752 |
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| Administration of Mozambique separated from that of Gao. | 7 |
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| 1777 |
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| Dominicans expelled from Mozambique. | 8 |
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| 1780 |
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| Portuguese, having lost control of ivory trade in Zambezi, turned to slave trade. The slave trade was then joined by Yao and Bisa. From 1770, the Kilwa market was dominated by the slave trade. | 9 |
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| c. 1780–1800 |
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| Ten thousand slaves annually exported from Mozambique to South America. | 10 |
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