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| 1989, Feb. 27–28 |
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| Tens of thousands rioted in Caracas after the announcement of a rise in bus fares. Between 200 and 600 people were killed in the riots and repression that followed. | 1 |
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| 1992, Feb. 4 |
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| A coup attempted by military officers opposed to corruption in the regime failed. Martial law was declared. | 2 |
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| June 21 |
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| For the first time since nationalization of oil production, private foreign firms were invited into the oil industry. | 3 |
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| Aug. 23 |
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| New austerity measures were introduced, leading to a freeze on public sector hiring and acceleration of privatization. | 4 |
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| Nov. 27 |
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| Military leaders, concerned with poverty and corruption, launched another failed coup attempt. Two hundred thirty people were killed in the violence and the widespread antigovernment rioting. | 5 |
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