| |
| 1863, April |
| |
| Iemochi went to Kyoto in response to a summons from the emperor. This unprecedented step signified that the political center of the empire was already shifting back toward Kyoto. On June 5, a date (June 25) was chosen for the expulsion of foreigners. | 1 |
| |
| June 24 |
| |
| The bakufu paid an indemnity to the British for Richardson and others and announced that negotiations would begin for the closing of ports. | 2 |
| |
| June 25 |
| |
The Ch sh forts at Shimonoseki fired on a U.S. vessel and later on French and Dutch vessels, resulting in direct reprisals by U.S. and Dutch warships. Chsh radicals in Kyoto gained supremacy at court and compelled the shogun to evict all foreigners by this date. | 3 |
| |
| Sept |
| |
| A coup d'état was attempted in Kyoto, and extremist Chsh forces were expelled. | 4 |
| |
| |
