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| The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001. |
| 1850, Sept. 29 | |
| Pope Pius IX issued a brief that reestablished Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales. This move prompted a cry of “papal aggression” from Parliament and led to the Ecclesiastical Titles Act. | 1 |
| 1851, Aug. 1 | |
| Ecclesiastical Titles Act. The act forbade Catholic clergy to take territorial titles. Parliamentary action also sparked Catholic reaction in Ireland. | 2 |
| Aug. 19 | |
| Catholic Defense Association of Great Britain and Ireland was founded at a meeting in Dublin. The association expressed Catholic opposition to the Ecclesiastical Titles Act. This association gained parliamentary support from the so-called Irish Brigade—a group of Irish M.P.'s who also opposed the act. | 3 |
| The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. | |
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