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| The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001. |
| 1859 | |
| Publication of Darwin's Origin of Species. | 1 |
| 1860, Jan 23 | |
| The Cobden Treaty with France opened up the British market to free trade. | 2 |
| Feb. 10 | |
| Gladstone's financial proposals led to a struggle between the Commons and the Lords because they included a decrease in indirect taxes and especially because they abolished the duties on paper—a long-time demand of the radicals. Gladstone obtained their passage by combining them with the Budget Bill (1861), so that the Lords would have to reject the entire budget. | 3 |
| The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. | |
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