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| 1797–1801 |
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| PAUL I, emperor of Russia. | 1 |
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| 1797–1840 |
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| FREDERICK WILLIAM III, king of Prussia. | 2 |
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| 1798–99 |
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| BONAPARTE'S EGYPTIAN CAMPAIGN (See 1798–1801). | 3 |
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| 1798 |
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| Bonaparte captured Malta (June 11) and continued to Egypt where he captured Alexandria (July 2). He then took Cairo at the Battle of the Pyramids (July 21). | 4 |
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| Aug. 1 |
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| Battle of the Nile. British admiral Horatio Nelson destroyed the French fleet anchored in the harbor of Abukir. Napoleon was thus cut off from France. The Ottomans, supported by the British, then defeated Napoleon's army at Abukir (July 25, 1799) after it returned from an unsuccessful campaign in Syria. Napoleon left Egypt (Aug. 24) for France, leaving Klebér in command. Klebér was assassinated and succeeded by Menou, whom the British defeated at Alexandria (March 21, 1801). | 5 |
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| May 11 |
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| The Coup of 22 Floréal challenged the returns of several elections and thus excluded approximately one-quarter of the candidates. | 6 |
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| Sept. 5 |
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| Jourdan Law introduced conscription for all able-bodied males, 20 years of age; 200,000 men were then called up. | 7 |
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| Dec. 24 |
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| Alliance between Russia and Great Britain led to the Second Coalition. | 8 |
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