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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.
 
IV. Roman Popes
 
 
33–?67*Peter
?67–?76*Linus
?76–?88*Anacletus I
?88–?97*Clement I
?97–?105*Evaristus
?105–?15*Alexander I
?115–?25*Sixtus I
?125–?36*Telesphorus
?136–?40*Hyginus
?140–?55*Pius I
?155–?66*Anicetus
?166–?75*Soter
?175–89*Eleuterus
189–99*Victor I
199–217*Zephyrinus
217–22*Calixtus I
222–30*Urban I
222–35 Hippolytus
230–35*Pontian
235–36*Anterus
236–50*Fabian
250–51 (Vacancy)
251–53*Cornelius
251–?58 Novatian
253–54*Lucius I
254–57*Stephen I
257–58*Sixtus II
258–60 (Vacancy)
260–68*Dionysius
269–74*Felix I
275–83*Eutychian
283–96*Caius
296–304*Marcellinus
304–8 (Vacancy)
308–9*Marcellus I
309–10*Eusebius
311–14*Miltiades
314–35*Sylvester I
335–36*Marcus
337–52*Julius I
352–66*Liberius
353–65 Felix II
366–83 Damasus I
366–67 Ursinus
384–99*Siricius
399–401*Anastasius I
401–17*Innocent I
417–18*Zosimus
418–22*Boniface I
418–19 Eulalius
422–32*Celestine I
432–40*Sixtus III
440–61*Leo I
461–68*Hilarius
468–83*Simplicius
483–92*Felix III
492–96*Gelasius I
496–98*Anastasius II
498–514*Symmachus
498–505 Laurentius
514–23*Hormisdas
523–26*John I
526–30*Felix IV
530–32 Boniface II
530 Dioscurus
533–35 John II
535–36*Agapetus I
536–37*Silverius
537–55 Vigilius
556–61 Pelagius I
561–74 John III
575–79 Benedict I
579–90 Pelagius II
590–604*Gregory I
604–6 Sabinian
607 Boniface III
608–15*Boniface IV
615–18*Deusdedit
619–25 Boniface V
625–38 Honorius I
638–40 (Vacancy)
640 Severinus
640–42 John IV
642–49 Theodore I
649–55*Martin I
655–57*Eugene I
657–72*Vitalian
672–76 Adeodatus
676–78 Donus
678–81*Agatho
681–83*Leo II
684–85*Benedict II
685–86 John V
686–87 Conon
687 Theodore II
687–92 Paschal I
687–701*Sergius I
701–5 John VI
705–7 John VII
708 Sisinnius
708–15 Constantine
715–31*Gregory II
731–41*Gregory III
741–52*Zacharias
752–57 Stephen II
757–67*Paul I
767 Constantine
767 Philip
767–72 Stephen III
772–95 Adrian I
795–816*Leo III
816–17 Stephen IV
817–24 Paschal I
824–27 Eugene II
827 Valentine
827–44 Gregory IV
844 John VIII
844–47 Sergius II
847–55*Leo IV
855–58 Benedict III
855 Anastasius III
858–67*Nicholas I
867–72 Adrian II
872–82 John VIII
882–84 Marinus I
884–85 Adrian III
885–91 Stephen V
891–96 Formosus
896 Boniface VI
896–97 Stephen VI
897 Romanus
897 Theodore II
898–900 John IX
900–903 Benedict IV
903 Leo V
903–4 Christopher
904–11 Sergius III
911–13 Anastasius III
913–14 Lando
914–28 John X
928–29 Leo VI
929–31 Stephen VII
931–35 John XI
936–39 Leo VII
939–42 Stephen IX (VIII)
942–46 Marinus II
946–55 Agapetus II
955–63 John XII
963–64 Leo VIII
964 Benedict V
965–72 John XIII
973–74 Benedict VI
974–83 Benedict VII
983–84 John XIV
984–85 Boniface VII
985–96 John XV
996–99 Gregory V
996–98 John XVI
999–1003 Sylvester II
1003 John XVII
1003–9 John XVIII
1009–12 Sergius IV
1012–24 Benedict VIII
1012 Gregory VI
1024–33 John XIX
1033–45 Benedict IX
1045 Sylvester III
1045–46 Gregory VI (John Gratian Pierleoni)
1046–47 Clement II (Suitgar, Count of Morsleben)
1048 Damasus II (Count Poppo)
1049–54*Leo IX (Bruno, Count of Toul)
1055–57 Victor II (Gebhard, Count of Hirschberg)
1057–58 Stephen IX (Frederick of Lorraine)
1058 Benedict X (John, Count of Tusculum)
1058–61 Nicholas II (Gerhard of Burgundy)
1061–73 Alexander II (Anselmo da Baggio)
1061–64 Honorius II
1073–85*Gregory VII (Hildebrand of Soana)
1080–1100 Clement III
1086–87 Victor III (Desiderius, Prince of Beneventum)
1088–99 Urban II (Odo of Chatillon)
1099–1118 Paschal II (Ranieri da Bieda)
1100–1102 Theodoric
1102 Albert
1105 Sylvester IV
1118–19 Gelasius II (John Coniolo)
1118–21 Gregory VIII
1119–24 Calixtus II (Guido, Count of Burgundy)
1124–30 Honorius II (Lamberto dei Fagnani)
1124 Celestine II
1130–43 Innocent II (Gregorio Papareschi)
1130–38 Anacletus II (Cardinal Pierleone)
1138 Victor IV
1143–44 Celestine II (Guido di Castello)
1144–45 Lucius II (Gherardo Caccianemici)
1145–53 Eugene III (Bernardo Paganelli)
1153–54 Anastasius IV (Corrado della Subarra)
1154–59 Adrian IV (Nicholas Breakspear)
1159–81 Alexander III (Orlando Bandinelli)
1159–64 Victor IV
1164–68 Paschal III
1168–78 Calixtus III
1179–80 Innocent III (Lando da Sessa)
1181–85 Lucius III (Ubaldo Allucingoli)
1185–87 Urban III (Uberto Crivelli)
1187 Gregory VIII (Alberto del Morra)
1187–91 Clement III (Paolo Scolari)
1191–98 Celestine III (Giacinto Boboni-Orsini)
1198–1216 Innocent III (Lotario de’ Conti di Segni)
1216–27 Honorius III (Cencio Savelli)
1227–41 Gregory IX (Ugolino di Segni)
1241 Celestine IV (Goffredo Castiglione)
1243–54 Innocent IV (Sinibaldo de’ Fieschi)
1254–61 Alexander IV (Rinaldo di Segni)
1261–64 Urban IV (Jacques Pantaléon)
1265–68 Clement IV (Guy le Gros Foulques)
1268–71 (Vacancy)
1271–76*Gregory X (Tebaldo Visconti)
1276 Innocent V (Pierre de Champagni)
1276 Adrian V (Ottobono Fieschi)
1276–77 John XXI (Pietro Rebuli-Giuliani)
1277–80 Nicholas III (Giovanni Gaetano Orsini)
1281–85 Martin IV (Simon Mompitie)
1285–87 Honorius IV (Giacomo Savelli)
1288–92 Nicholas IV (Girolamo Masci)
1294*Celestine V (Pietro Angelari da Murrone)
1294–1303 Boniface VIII (Benedetto Gaetani)
1303–4 Benedict XI (Niccolò Boccasini)
1305–14 Clement V (Raimond Bertrand de Got)
1316–34 John XXII (Jacques Duèze)
1328–30 Nicholas V (Pietro di Corbara)
1334–42 Benedict XII (Jacques Fournier)
1342–52 Clement VI (Pierre Roger de Beaufort)
1352–62 Innocent VI (Étienne Aubert)
1362–70 Urban V (Guillaume de Grimord)
1370–78 Gregory XI (Pierre Roger de Beaufort, the Younger)
1378–89 Urban VI (Bartolomeo Prignano)
1378–94 Clement VII (Robert of Geneva)
1389–1404 Boniface IX (Pietro Tomacelli)
1394–1423 Benedict XIII (Pedro de Luna)
1404–6 Innocent VII (Cosmato de’ Migliorati)
1406–15 Gregory XII (Angelo Correr)
1409–10 Alexander V (Petros Philargi)
1410–15 John XXIII (Baldassare Cossa)
1415–17 (Vacancy)
1417–31 Martin V (Ottone Colonna)
1423–29 Clement VIII
1424 Benedict XIV
1431–47 Eugene IV (Gabriele Condulmer)
1439–49 Felix V (Amadeus of Savoy)
1447–55 Nicholas V (Tommaso Parentucelli)
1455–58 Calixtus III (Alonso Borgia)
1458–64 Pius II (Aeneas Silvio de’ Piccolomini)
1464–71 Paul II (Pietro Barbo)
1471–84 Sixtus IV (Francesco della Rovere)
1484–92 Innocent VIII (Giovanni Battista Cibo)
1492–1503 Alexander VI (Rodrigo Lanzol y Borgia)
1503 Pius III (Francesco Todoeschini-Piccolomini)
1503–13 Julius II (Giuliano della Rovere)
1513–21 Leo X (Giovanni de’ Medici)
1522–23 Adrian VI (Hadrian Florensz)
1523–34 Clement VII (Giulio de’ Medici)
1534–49 Paul III (Alessandro Farnese)
1550–55 Julius III (Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte)
1555 Marcellus II (Marcello Cervini)
1555–59 Paul IV (Gian Pietro Caraffa)
1559–65 Pius IV (Giovanni Angelo de’ Medici)
1566–72*Pius V (Antonio Michele Ghislieri)
1572–85 Gregory XIII (Ugo Buoncompagni)
1585–90 Sixtus V (Felice Peretti)
1590 Urban VII (Giambattista Castagna)
1590–91 Gregory XIV (Niccolò Sfondrati)
1591 Innocent IX (Gian Antonio Facchinetti)
1592–1605 Clement VIII (Ippolito Aldobrandini)
1605 Leo XI (Alessandro de’ Medici-Ottaiano)
1605–21 Paul V (Camillo Borghese)
1621–23 Gregory XV (Alessandro Ludovisi)
1623–44 Urban VIII (Maffeo Barberini)
1644–55 Innocent X (Giambattista Pamfili)
1655–67 Alexander VII (Fabio Chigi)
1667–69 Clement IX (Giulio Rospigliosi)
1670–76 Clement X (Emilio Altieri)
1676–89 Innocent XI (Benedetto Odescalchi)
1689–91 Alexander VIII (Pietro Ottoboni)
1691–1700 Innocent XII (Antonio Pignatelli)
1700–21 Clement XI (Gian Francesco Albani)
1721–24 Innocent XIII (Michelangelo dei Conti)
1724–30 Benedict XIII (Pietro Francesco Orsini)
1730–40 Clement XII (Lorenzo Corsini)
1740–58 Benedict XIV (Prospero Lambertini)
1758–69 Clement XIII (Carlo Rezzonico)
1769–74 Clement XIV (Lorenzo Ganganelli)
1775–99 Pius VI (Gianangelo Braschi)
1800–1823 Pius VII (Barnaba Chiaramonti)
1823–29 Leo XII (Annibale della Genga)
1829–30 Pius VIII (Francesco Saverio Gastiglioni)
1831–46 Gregory XVI (Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari)
1846–78 Pius IX (Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti)
1878–1903 Leo XIII (Gioacchino Pecci)
1903–14 Pius X (Giuseppe Sarto)
1914–22 Benedict XV (Giacomo della Chiesa)
1922–39 Pius XI (Achille Ratti)
1939–58 Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli)
1958–63 John XXIII (Angelo Roncalli)
1963–78 Paul VI (Giovanni Battista Montini)
1978– John Paul II (Karol Jozef Wojtyla)
*  Names marked with an asterisk indicate popes sainted by the Church. Names in italics are those of anti-popes.
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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