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| 1529, Aug. 3 |
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| The war was ended by the Treaty of Cambrai (See 1529, Aug. 3). | 1 |
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| 1535 |
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| The death of Francesco Sforza opened the question of the Milanese succession. Charles V claimed it as suzerain, but the French invaded Italy and took Turin (April 1536). After an invasion of Provence by the imperialists, the truce of Nice was concluded for ten years (June 18, 1538). It reaffirmed the Treaty of Cambrai, but the French remained in occupation of two-thirds of Piedmont and the emperor retained the rest. | 2 |
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| 1542–44 |
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| The war between Francis I and Charles V, though fought in the Netherlands and Roussillon, had repercussions in Italy. The Treaty of Crespy (Sept. 18, 1544) involved abandonment of French claims to Naples. | 3 |
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| 1556 |
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| Alliance of Pope Paul IV and Henry II of France to get Naples. The French, under the duke of Guise, invaded Italy but were obliged to withdraw after their defeat at St. Quentin (1557). This practically ended the French struggle for Italy. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (April 3, 1559) involved the abandonment of French possessions, except Turin, Saluzzo, and Pignerol. | 4 |
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