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| 1966, Jan. 20 |
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| Retirement of Sir Robert Menzies, who was succeeded as prime minister by Harold Holt. | 1 |
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| Feb. 14 |
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| Conversion of the currency from the British system to that of Australian dollars and cents. | 2 |
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| March |
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| The contingent sent to Vietnam was raised to 4,500, despite the opposition of the Labour Party to the use of conscripts overseas. | 3 |
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| Aug. 18 |
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| Australian troops defeated a larger enemy force at Long Tan, Vietnam. | 4 |
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| Oct. 20–23 |
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| Visit of Pres. Johnson, the first visit of an American executive. He was met with hostile demonstrations in Sydney, Melbourne, and other places. | 5 |
| Gurindji people walked off Wave Hill and Newcastle Waters cattle stations, Northern Territory, demanding the return of traditional land. After a seven-year struggle, they won. This was seen as the beginning of the Aboriginal land rights movement. | 6 |
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