VII. The Contemporary Period, 1945–2000 > A. General and Comparative Dimensions > 2. International Relations > b. New Global Relationships > 1985, Jan
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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.
 
 
1985, Jan
 
Pope Shenuda III was allowed to return to Cairo to resume his duties as leader of the COPTIC CHURCH. In 1981 he had been ordered by the Egyptian government to go to a desert monastery. The United States announced that it would cease to participate in the case brought against it by Nicaragua in the International Court of Justice.  1
 
Feb
 
New Zealand refused to allow a U.S. warship to visit New Zealand unless the United States certified that it did not carry nuclear weapons. This was viewed by the United States as weakening the ANZUS ALLIANCE.  2
 
April
 
A special meeting of nonaligned states was held in BANDUNG, Indonesia, to mark the thirtieth anniversary of the original conference of nonaligned states. Representatives from 80 countries attended, in contrast to the 29 at the original conference.  3
 
July
 
LIVE AID CONCERTS in London and Philadelphia were watched on television by more than 1.5 billion people worldwide and raised more than $71 million for the Band Aid Fund to combat starvation in Africa. The show was arranged by rock musician Bob Geldof. A meeting of OPEC oil ministers was unable to agree on prices or production quotas. OPEC's share of the world market had gone down in the past decade, from 53 percent to 30 percent, because of increased competition from non-OPEC producers in the North Sea and Mexico. In a later meeting (Dec.) the oil ministers agreed to abandon quotas and compete directly in the world market. Rainbow Warrior, a ship belonging to the activist environmental group GREENPEACE, was sunk by French agents in an effort to prevent protests against French nuclear testing in the Pacific. The UN Conference to mark the end of the UN DECADE FOR WOMEN was held in Nairobi. The record of the past decade was assessed, and goals were set for future action.  4
 
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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