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| 1931, Feb. 7 |
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| The GMD executed 23 leading Chinese Communists, who were probably betrayed by fellow Communists of a different clique. Among the dead was writer and poet Hu Yepin (b. 1907). | 1 |
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| May 5 |
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| A National People's Convention of the GMD in Nanjing adopted a provisional constitution that confirmed the separation of the five branches within the government, transferred the power of executive appointment to the chairman of the State Council, established the autonomy of the county (xian) under provincial authority, and guaranteed personal freedom. The government pledged itself to free education and social insurance. A national congress to inaugurate full constitutional government was to be called when autonomous county organization was completed in a majority of the provinces. | 2 |
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| July 1 |
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| Serious anti-Chinese riots in Korea, stimulated by a false report of a minor affair at Wanbaoshan in Manchuria, resulted in the renewal of the boycott against Japanese goods. A report of a murder (Aug. 17) by Chinese troops of a Japanese officer in western Manchuria (June) inflamed Japanese opinion. | 3 |
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