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| 1925 |
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| U.S. troops entered Panama City to put down striking workers who were calling for lower rents. Numerous workers were killed in the incident. | 1 |
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| 1926, July 28 |
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| Treaty with the United States, designed to protect the canal in time of war. It required that Panama consider itself at war when the U.S. was belligerent, and that Panama permit peacetime maneuvers by U.S. forces on Panamanian territory. Opposition by the Panamanian assembly because of infringement of sovereignty prevented ratification (Jan. 26, 1927). The question of sovereignty over the Canal Zone then arose, Panama denying that the U.S. possessed such sovereignty. Panama appealed to the League of Nations to determine the question, but the League took no action and the president of Panama disavowed the appeal. | 2 |
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| 1931 |
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| President Florencio Harmodio Arosemena was forced to resign as a result of revolution (Jan. 2). A military government was set up. | 3 |
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| 1932–36 |
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| HARMODIO ARIAS (1886–1962) then became president. | 4 |
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| 1933, Oct. 17 |
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| President Arias conferred with President Roosevelt in Washington regarding the treaty relations between the two countries. The result was a declaration that Panama should be permitted all the commercial rights of a sovereign nation in the Canal Zone, and that there should be no U.S. economic enterprise detrimental to Panama in the Canal Zone, concessions to rising nationalist sentiment among Panamanians. | 5 |
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| 1934–35 |
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| Panama opened negotiations with the United States to secure modification of the treaty of 1903, so as to eliminate the U.S. guarantee of Panama's independence, which gave the U.S. the right to intervene. | 6 |
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| 1936–39 |
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| JUAN AROSEMENA, president. The negotiations with the U.S. continued. | 7 |
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| March 2 |
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| A new treaty was reached with the U.S. which met many of the objections raised by Panama to the earlier treaty. | 8 |
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