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| The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001. |
| 1901–3 | |
| Isthmian Canal diplomacy (See Panama and the Panama Canal Zone). | 1 |
| 1902, May 12–Oct. 13 | |
| Strike of anthracite coal miners, demanding union recognition, a nine-hour day, and wage increase. In the face of a threatened coal shortage, Roosevelt intervened and threatened to work the mines with federal troops, whereupon the owners accepted his suggestion of a commission to investigate. The miners returned to work, but when the commission made its award, union recognition was withheld. Not until 1916 did the miners receive union recognition, with an eight-hour day. Still, for the first time the federal government had intervened in a labor-management dispute without automatically opposing the claims of organized labor. | 2 |
| June 17 | |
| The Newlands Act provided for the irrigation of the arid lands of the West. | 3 |
| Maryland enacted the first state workmen's compensation law. By 1920 all but five states had enacted such laws. | 4 |
| Oregon adopted the thoroughgoing use of the initiative and referendum. | 5 |
| The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. | |
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