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| 1905, Jan. 2 |
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| Lüshun surrendered to the Japanese. | 1 |
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| Feb. 20–March 9 |
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| The Russians were defeated at Mukden by five combined Japanese armies. | 2 |
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| May 27–29 |
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In the naval Battle of the Tsushima Straits, the Russian fleet of 32 vessels, arriving from European waters, was annihilated by the Japanese under Adm. T g. | 3 |
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| Aug. 12 |
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| The Anglo-Japanese Alliance was renewed for ten years, with casus belli defined as an attack by a single power on either party. | 4 |
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| Sept. 5 |
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| A peace treaty was signed at Portsmouth (See 1905, Sept. 5), after a conference that began on Aug. 5, through Pres. Theodore Roosevelt's (1858–1919) mediation. Russia acknowledged Japan's paramount interest in Korea, transferred to Japan its leasehold on the Liaodong peninsula and the railroad to Changchun, and ceded the southern half of Sakhalin. Manchuria was to be evacuated by both powers and restored to China, although Japan received control over the South Manchurian Railway and adjacent terrain. Because of failure to obtain an indemnity, the treaty was unpopular in Japan, leading to riots in Tokyo. | 5 |
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| Nov. 17 |
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| Japan secured by treaty control over the foreign relations of the Korean government. | 6 |
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